Top 5 Common Health Issues in Cats and How to Prevent Them

Cats are beloved companions, bringing joy, affection, and a touch of mystery to our homes. As a responsible cat owner, understanding the most common cat health problems can help you ensure your feline friend lives a long, healthy, and happy life. From obesity to urinary tract infections, being proactive about your cat’s health is key to preventing serious complications. Let’s explore the five most frequent health issues in cats and how to prevent them.

Recognizing the Top 5 Common Health Issues in Cats

1. Obesity: Causes, Risks, and Prevention

Obesity is one of the most prevalent health issues in cats today. With more indoor cats leading sedentary lifestyles and eating high-calorie diets, excessive weight gain has become a major concern.

Causes of Obesity in Cats

• Overfeeding and free feeding
• Lack of exercise
• High-calorie, high-carbohydrate diets
• Aging and decreased metabolism

Risks of Obesity

• Increased risk of diabetes
• Joint issues and arthritis
• Heart disease
• Decreased lifespan

Prevention

• Establish a portion-controlled diet with veterinarian-approved food
• Encourage daily play and exercise with interactive toys
• Incorporate puzzle feeders to slow down eating and engage their minds
• Regular veterinary check-ups to monitor weight

2. Dental Disease: The Silent Feline Epidemic

Dental disease, particularly periodontal disease, affects nearly 70% of cats by the age of three. Left untreated, it can lead to pain, tooth loss, and even systemic infections.

Symptoms of Dental Disease

• Bad breath (halitosis)
• Drooling or difficulty eating
• Red, swollen gums
• Brown tartar buildup on teeth

Prevention

• Brush your cat’s teeth regularly using feline-friendly toothpaste
• Provide dental chews and toys to help reduce plaque
• Schedule annual dental cleanings with your veterinarian

3. Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) and Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease (FLUTD)

Urinary health problems, including UTIs and FLUTD, are common in cats, particularly males. If a blockage occurs, these conditions can be painful and even life-threatening.

Symptoms of Urinary Problems

• Straining to urinate
• Frequent urination or urinating outside the litter box
• Blood in urine
• Excessive licking of genital area

Prevention

• Provide fresh, clean water at all times to encourage hydration
• Feed a high-quality, moisture-rich diet (wet food is preferable)
• Keep the litter box clean and in a stress-free environment
• Seek veterinary care at the first sign of urinary issues

4. Parasites: Fleas, Ticks, and Worms

Fleas, ticks, and intestinal worms can cause major discomfort and serious health issues in cats. Even indoor cats are at risk, as humans can carry parasites into the home.

Prevention

• Use veterinarian-approved flea and tick preventatives
• Regularly check your cat’s coat for fleas and ticks
• Keep your home clean and vacuum regularly
• Have your cat tested for intestinal parasites and administer deworming medication as needed

5. Kidney Disease: A Common Issue in Aging Cats

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is especially common in older cats. While it can’t always be prevented, early detection and management can significantly improve a cat’s quality of life.

Symptoms of Kidney Disease

• Increased thirst and urination
• Weight loss and poor appetite
• Vomiting and lethargy
• Bad breath with a chemical odor

Prevention

• Provide fresh water at all times
• Feed a balanced, high-quality diet
• Schedule routine bloodwork to catch kidney issues early
• Consider prescription renal diets for cats prone to kidney disease

Preventive Tips to Keep Your Cat Healthy

Maintaining Oral Hygiene to Prevent Dental Disease

Dental care is often overlooked in feline health, but it plays a crucial role in overall well-being.

• Daily Brushing: Start slow and use feline-safe toothpaste to prevent plaque buildup.
• Dental Diets: Specially formulated dry foods can help reduce tartar.
• Veterinary Cleanings: Professional dental cleanings keep your cat’s teeth in top condition.

Proper Nutrition for a Long, Healthy Life

Feeding your cat a nutritionally balanced diet is one of the best ways to prevent health problems.

• Opt for high-protein, low-carb diets that mimic a cat’s natural diet
• Ensure proper portion control to maintain a healthy weight
• Incorporate moist food to support kidney and urinary health

Regular Exercise and Mental Stimulation

Cats need physical and mental engagement to stay healthy.

• Schedule daily playtime with interactive toys
• Provide cat trees and scratching posts to encourage movement
• Use food puzzles to keep their minds active and prevent overeating

When to Visit the Vet: Signs Your Cat Needs Medical Attention

Monitoring Behavior to Catch Early Signs of Illness

Cats are masters at hiding discomfort, so recognizing subtle changes in behavior is critical.

Warning Signs That Warrant a Vet Visit:

• Sudden changes in appetite or weight loss
• Lethargy or reduced activity
• Vomiting or diarrhea lasting more than 24 hours
• Difficulty breathing or persistent coughing
• Excessive grooming or hair loss

Keep Your Cat Healthy with Regular Vet Visits

Preventing common cat health problems starts with awareness and proactive care. Routine check-ups, a balanced diet, and proper dental hygiene can significantly extend your cat’s lifespan. If you ever notice concerning symptoms or need guidance on feline health, trust Rolling Plains Veterinary Corporation for expert care.

At Rolling Plains Veterinary Corporation, we provide peace of mind about your pet’s health. Whether it’s preventive care or emergency treatment, our professional team is here for you. From dogs and cats to cattle and horses, we offer top-tier veterinary services to keep your furry (or not-so-furry) companions in peak condition. Book your appointment today and ensure a happy, healthy life for your cat!

Categorised in: Cat Care

This post was written by Dr. Marc Phillipot